Immune Checkpoint Dysregulation in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage A Prospective Study of sCTLA-4 and sPD-L1 as Biomarkers of Symptomatic Vasospasm /
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a severe stroke subtype often complicated by symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (sVP), contributing to delayed cerebral ischemia and poor outcomes. Immune dysregulation, particularly T-cell imbalances and pro-inflammatory cytokines, is implicated in vasospasm...
Elmentve itt :
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| Dokumentumtípus: | Cikk |
| Megjelent: |
2025
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| Sorozat: | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
26 No. 17 |
| Tárgyszavak: | |
| doi: | 10.3390/ijms26178228 |
| mtmt: | 36298925 |
| Online Access: | http://publicatio.bibl.u-szeged.hu/38497 |
| Tartalmi kivonat: | Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a severe stroke subtype often complicated by symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (sVP), contributing to delayed cerebral ischemia and poor outcomes. Immune dysregulation, particularly T-cell imbalances and pro-inflammatory cytokines, is implicated in vasospasm development. Soluble immune checkpoint proteins—CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) and PD-L1 (sPD-L1)—regulate immune homeostasis and may serve as biomarkers or modulators of inflammation in aSAH. This prospective cohort study included 179 aSAH patients, divided into sVP+ (n = 48) and sVP− (n = 131), plus 50 healthy controls. Serum sCTLA-4 and sPD-L1 levels were measured on days 1, 5, and 9 post-ictus using Luminex xMAP. Associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed using non-parametric statistics and hierarchical clustering. Both sCTLA-4 and sPD-L1 were significantly elevated in sVP+ patients versus sVP− and controls, increasing over time. sCTLA-4 was significantly higher in sVP+ on days 5 (p = 0.001) and 9 (p < 0.001), and sPD-L1 on days 5 and 9 (both p < 0.001). Clustering revealed distinct expression patterns between sVP+ and sVP− groups. Elevated sCTLA-4 and sPD-L1 levels are associated with sVP after aSAH and may serve as biomarkers for early immune dysfunction, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets. |
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| Terjedelem/Fizikai jellemzők: | 15 |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 |